Bearing steel, or steel for rolling elements, is characterized by very high carbon content - about 1%. It is characterized by high hardness, high degree of purity of chemical composition, high hardening capacity, high strength and static fatigue and, in addition, adequate material durability. In this type of steel the main emphasis is on the wear resistance. Components (eg. rollers, rings, spheres) and other components of nearer applications are subject to continuous movement, contact with other components usually under high pressure.
In many situations, specific corrosion resistance and resistance for the higher temperatures of the given steels are required. In some situations, by the chemical composition it can be determined and assing the bearing steels under the tool steels. Bearing steels must have a high machinability, no deformation during heat treatment, minimal non-metallic inclusions and sulfur, phosphorus, oxygen as well as a limited susceptibility to surface decontamination.
Many types of stainless steel alloys are used in the manufacturing of bearings. The best stainless steel for bearings is one that can be easily machined, has high corrosion resistance, and has a low level of magnetic permeability.
The three most common types of stainless steel alloys used in manufacturing bearings are 1) austenitic, 2) ferritic, and 3) martensitic. Austenitic is the most commonly used type because it is easy to machine, has high-level corrosion resistance, and has a low magnetic permeability.
When it comes to choosing the best stainless steel for bearings, there are a few factors that you need to consider. The most crucial factor is the bearing you are using and what type of environment it will be in. There are three main types of bearings: rolling element bearings, ball bearings, and tapered roller bearings.
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